THE RIGHT TECHNIQUE USED IN SILAT TANDING COMPETITION
FACULTY OF SPORT SCIENCE &
RECREATION
SRT605
STATISTICS IN SPORT AND
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
TITLE:
“THE RIGHT
TECHNIQUE USED
IN SILAT TANDING COMPETITION”
PREPARED
BY:
NURFARAH
SYAHIRA BINTI MD YUSOF
2015183643
PREPARED
FOR:
DR. MOHAMAD NIZAM BIN MOHAMED SHAPIE
SUBMISSION
DATE:
18th APRIL 2017
1.0 ABSTRACT
The aim of this
study is to know the block, kick, punch, topple and others technique used in Silat
competition of the 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015, Men’s Semi Finals Match Class
E 70kg Mas vs Singapore, Men’s Final Match Class E 70kg, Mas vs Vietnam,
Women’s Semi Finals Match Class D 65kg Mas vs Singapore, and Women’s Final Match
Class D 65kg Mas vs Vietnam. All these matches were won by both men and women
Malaysia’s players. In silat
can be divided into two categories which are Silat seni and Silat olahraga. For
this study, silat olahraga is a main basic of sparing in competition. This
analysis in term of blocking, kicking, punch and topple hit target, hit
elsewhere, miss opponent will be used to determine the accuracy of how many
successful the technique is good.
This technique
would be occurring when the two pesilat perform in a competition. Pesilat can
perform their technique of blocking by using hand while topple can use hand or
leg to take down the opponent. However, the point will be collected according
to the opponent falling down to the ground. The notational analyses are used to
record the block, kick, punch, topple hit target, hit elsewhere and miss
opponent.
2.0 INTRODUCTION
Silat is a term
used to describe a form of martial art practiced throughout the Malay
Archipelago. Silat is one of the martial arts that originated from Indonesia.
It is called as a tradition practiced in southern Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam,
Brunei, Philippines and Malaysia. Silat is the Malay art of combat fighting
art. Silat can be divided into two categories which are Silat Martial Arts and
Sports. Sport martial arts are well adjusted to the Philippines. For the real
attack in silat, had an opponent with superior strength can be solved because
in Silat Sports has a several of techniques used in defeating enemies with a
stronger built. In addition, the minimum body movements needed to maintain the
strength of fighters to respond more effectively and better attacks.
Thus, in the
art of Silat Sports, pesilat learn special attacks, tactic and defensive
techniques. In fact, in self-defence, what matters is the person's response to
the accuracy of one's opponent using body movements to a minimum level. This
might help to reduce the amount of energy consumed and thereby create a more
effective and good response. Besides, the movement such as throw who only use
techniques attackers hit when attacking or defending them. To obtain timely and
effective responses to the attacks of the enemy, pesilat are taught specific
techniques that will allow them to develop his full potential. For the beginner
of pesilat, they did not use any weapons, martial arts practice. Then, they are
taught to use special weapons such as sticks, knives, and other weapons because
easy them to learn and know how to use when using the real weapons.
Several hundreds of different styles of
Silat is known but every one of them focuses on the same concepts of martial
applications. These are punches, joint manipulations, usage of bladed weapons
(you can find further reading on this topic later on), throws, and fighting
methods that imitate different wild animals and the combinations of all of
these. Silat schools are supervised by independent national associations in all
the major countries where Silat is a traditional martial art. The most
important of these are the following: Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia (IPSI),
Persekutan Silat Kebangsaan Malaysia (PESAKA), Persekutan Silat Brunei (PERSIB)
and Persekutan Silat Singapura (PERSISI).
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD
The data will be analysed based on the video
matches Pencak Silat Tanding Men’s Semi Final Match Class E (70kg) Malaysia vs
Singapore, Men’s Final Match Class E (70kg) Malaysia vs Vietnam, Women’s Semi
Finals Match Class D (65kg) Malaysia vs Singapore, and Women’s Final Match
Class D (65kg) Malaysia vs Vietnam on 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015. This
analysis more focuses on the specific skills, which are punching, kicking,
blocking, and topple categorized each of these indicators into hit target, hit
elsewhere, and miss opponent. Besides that, the video will be repeated and play
in slow motion to identify the action or skills made by exponents to get the
accurate analyse (Shapie, Oliver, O’Donoghue, & Tong, 2013). There have several types of categories that have
been showed.
·
Block:
The blocking movements will start with the posture
position and the exponent stands straight with his hands around his body or
close to his chest. Blocking also can be done using arms, elbows and legs with
the purpose to block off or striking back at any attack.
·
Kick:
The kick is an attacking movement which is
performed with one leg or two legs simultaneously. It can be front kick,
side-kick or semi-circular side kick. Every shot or kick should be at the front
of the body, from the chest to the centre. Apart from these places, the scores
will not count
·
Punch:
The punch attack is done by a hand with a closed
fist hitting the target. In silat punching is often used to fight the opponent.
It can be a straight punch or uppercut to the exponent body. Basically many
pesilat use the straight punch because easy to get the chance and collect the
point.
·
Topple:
There are various ways of toppling down one’s
opponent. Pesilat can push, shove the opponent’s back leg from the bag or from
the side, shove, hit, kick, strike or punch to make the opponent lose his
balance. Every fall is considered valid as long as the pesilat exponent topples
his opponent down without wrestling or he is able to overpower the opponent
whom he has brought down.
·
Catch:
The
catch ‘tangkapan’ is done by using the hand to obstruct the opponent from
carrying out an attack. The silat ex- opponent is able to prevent himself from
being attacked by pointing the attack which he has caught to another direction.
A catch which twists or drags the opponent is forbidden. Also, a catch which
could break the part which is being held such as the leg and waist is also
forbidden. These regulations exist to protect the silat exponent’s.
·
Sweep:
Swiping
‘sapuan’ involves attacking an opponent’s leg which are on the ground to
unstabilise him and bring down to the ground.
A silat exponent can perform this attacking movement either with his
right or left leg, Hence, front sweep ‘sapu- an depan’ is done by swinging the
leg to the front to push an opponent’s front leg, while back sweep ‘sapuan
belakang’ is carried out by swinging the leg backward to hit the back leg.
·
Dodge:
The
evade ‘elakan’ technique is carried out by silat exponent when he tries to
evade an attack. This technique does not require the silat exponent to touch
the opponent in fending off the attack. They are many ways of carrying out his
defensive movement such as dodging ‘gelek’, retreat ‘mundur’, evasion to the
side ‘elak sisi’, bending ‘elak serung’, jumping ‘lonjak’, ducking ‘susup’ and
etc. [10]. Self-Release: Self-release ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique is a
technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent.
·
Block
and Punch:
The blocking technique is used to block any
hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the
hand to punch the opponent. Block and Kick: The blocking technique is used to
block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack
using the leg to kick the opponent.
·
Block
and Sweep:
The blocking technique is used to block any
hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using
sweeping technique to the opponent. Fake Punch: An action which a silat
exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake punch to break his
opponent’s defensive posture.
·
Fake
Kick:
An
action which a silat exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake kick
to break his opponent defensive posture. Others: Both silat exponents are
either in posture position ‘sikap pasang’ or coming close to each other using
silat step pattern ‘pola langkah’
4.0
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
The observation
generated data will be frequency counted. All the raw data collected from the
all matches use the system produce by Shapie at al 2013 statistical analysis
was conducted using (SPSS) Statistical package social science version 21. A
descriptive analysis was used to determine the difference performance between
the winner and loser in silat matches.
5.0 RESULTS
The result has been showed in the table below which
is the first table there have 13 techniques that combine from the winner and
loser while the second table shows the specific skills from the exponents used
such as block, kick, punch, and topple techniques. There have three outcomes
based on the observation from the video matches, which are hit elsewhere, hit
target and miss opponent. All these matches were won by Malaysia’s Team.
The first match is Men’s Semi Finals Class E (70kg)
Mas vs Singapore (Day 8). Red (Singapore),
Blue (Malaysia).
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
2
|
2
|
||
Block and kick
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
|
Block and punch
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
|
Block and sweep
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
|
Kick
|
6
|
10
|
4
|
20
|
Fake kick
|
2
|
2
|
||
Punch
|
1
|
4
|
2
|
7
|
Fake punch
|
1
|
1
|
||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
11
|
17
|
1
|
29
|
Sweep
|
1
|
1
|
||
Catch
|
4
|
4
|
||
Dodge
|
5
|
5
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
26
|
45
|
11
|
82
|
Frequency
Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Red
(Viet)
|
5
|
9
|
4
|
10
|
28
|
Blue
(Mas)
|
8
|
17
|
8
|
19
|
52
|
Mean and
Standard deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Blue)
Block (Red)
|
1.66
2.66
|
0.84
1.37
|
Kick (Blue)
Kick (Red)
|
3.00
5.66
|
4.64
6.54
|
Punch (Blue)
Punch (Red)
|
1.33
2.66
|
1.78
2.77
|
Topple (Blue)
Topple (Red)
|
3.33
6.33
|
4.72
8.96
|
The
second match is Men’s Final Class E (70kg) Mas vs Vietnam (Day 9). Red (Vie), Blue (Malaysia).
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
3
|
3
|
6
|
|
Block and kick
|
2
|
2
|
||
Block and punch
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
Block and sweep
|
1
|
1
|
||
Kick
|
9
|
12
|
8
|
29
|
Fake kick
|
2
|
2
|
||
Punch
|
2
|
7
|
2
|
11
|
Fake punch
|
||||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
4
|
10
|
14
|
|
Sweep
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
Catch
|
6
|
6
|
||
Dodge
|
2
|
2
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
22
|
45
|
14
|
81
|
Frequency
Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Blue
(Sing)
|
5
|
17
|
10
|
4
|
36
|
Red
(Mas)
|
8
|
16
|
5
|
9
|
38
|
Mean and Standard deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Blue)
Block (Red)
|
1.66
2.66
|
1.31
1.97
|
Kick (Blue)
Kick (Red)
|
5.66
5.33
|
7.23
8.39
|
Punch (Blue)
Punch (Red)
|
3.33
1.66
|
4.16
1.53
|
Topple (Blue)
Topple (Red)
|
1.33
3.00
|
1.89
4.24
|
The
third match is Women’s Semi Finals Class D (65kg) Mas vs Singapore Red (Mas), Blue (Singapore)
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
3
|
5
|
8
|
|
Block and kick
|
5
|
2
|
7
|
|
Block and punch
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
|
Block and sweep
|
||||
Kick
|
8
|
3
|
6
|
17
|
Fake kick
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
|
Punch
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
9
|
Fake punch
|
||||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
9
|
5
|
14
|
|
Sweep
|
2
|
2
|
||
Catch
|
4
|
4
|
||
Dodge
|
6
|
6
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
34
|
30
|
10
|
74
|
Frequency Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Red
(Mas)
|
12
|
14
|
6
|
11
|
43
|
Blue
(Sing)
|
7
|
13
|
7
|
3
|
30
|
Mean and Standard deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Blue)
Block (Red)
|
4.00
2.33
|
5.09
1.53
|
Kick (Blue)
Kick (Red)
|
4.66
4.33
|
2.52
4.93
|
Punch (Blue)
Punch (Red)
|
2.00
2.33
|
1.73
3.21
|
Topple (Blue)
Topple (Red)
|
3.66
1.00
|
3.21
1.73
|
The
fourth match is Women’s Final class D (65kg) Mas vs Vietnam. Red (Vietnam), Blue (Mas)
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
4
|
1
|
5
|
|
Block and kick
|
||||
Block and punch
|
5
|
1
|
6
|
|
Block and sweep
|
1
|
1
|
||
Kick
|
3
|
5
|
1
|
9
|
Fake kick
|
4
|
4
|
||
Punch
|
3
|
5
|
1
|
9
|
Fake punch
|
1
|
1
|
||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
2
|
4
|
2
|
8
|
Sweep
|
2
|
5
|
7
|
|
Catch
|
2
|
2
|
||
Dodge
|
2
|
2
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
16
|
23
|
15
|
54
|
Frequency Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Blue
(Mas)
|
6
|
9
|
11
|
5
|
31
|
Red
(Viet)
|
6
|
3
|
5
|
3
|
17
|
Mean and Standard deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Blue)
Block (Red)
|
2.00
2.00
|
2.64
2.23
|
Kick (Blue)
Kick (Red)
|
3.00
1.00
|
3.00
1.00
|
Punch (Blue)
Punch (Red)
|
3.66
1.66
|
2.31
2.08
|
Topple (Blue)
Topple (Red)
|
1.66
1.00
|
2.36
0.71
|
6.0 DISCUSSION
According to the data or result has shown, that the
all matches won by Malaysia. For the first match is Men’s Semi Final Class E
70kg Malaysia vs Singapore. Second match is Men’s Final Class E 70kg Malaysia
vs Vietnam. Then, the third match is Women’s Semi Final Class D 65kg, Malaysia
vs Singapore and the last match is Women’s Final Class D 65kg, Malaysia vs
Vietnam. Based on my record from the video matches, the total of frequency
table for Malaysia is 52, 38, 43 and 31. This total are comprising from variety
technique such as block, kick, punch and topple. From this result Malaysia are
higher than the other exponents during the competition. In this match, the
fighter or exponents use both upper and lower body part to make a movement and the
fighter is really good in both
at punching and kicking than other techniques.
For this analysis, the fighter has to developed
more strength, power, agility and cardiovascular fitness to enhance or maintain
the performance level. Each physical fitness component is important to them for
developed or train during training and will perform well during competition.
Current study showed, the fighter mostly used kicking and punching techniques
than other that is because the fighter was good at both techniques to get more score
or point during competition. Usually, the winner uses their tactic and knows
how to make self-defence very well from being attacked and always find the
chance to attack the opponent such as topple down which is the fighter use
their leg or hand to let the opponent falling down to the floor then after that
the fighter will get the point (Shapie, M. N. M. & Elias, 2015).
Refer to frequency of table the first match Men
Semi Final Malaysia (blue) and Singapore (red). The
fighter from Malaysia got higher score which is from block 8 times, kick 17,
punch 8 and topple 19. For the second match Men Final Malaysia made block 8,
kick 16, punch 5 and topple 9. In this match, the fighter used licking more
than punch, topple and block. The third match is Women Malaysia Semi Final made block he made 12, kick 14, punch 6 and topple 11. The
‘Pesilat’ or fighter in this match needs more strength and power at lower body
especially leg to do the faster kick. The last match is Women Final Malaysia
made block 6 times, kick 9, punch 11 and topple. In this match, the fighter
used topple as their main technique to let the opponent fall down and get the
higher score.
7.0 CONCLUSION
The
conclusion of this study is to determine the level method used by the both
exponents Silat Olahraga Sea Game 2015. For example, used block, kick, punch
and topple then measured by hit elsewhere, hit target and miss opponent. The
exponents who make the best technique or use more tactical, will get the higher
score and win the competition. Besides, Pesilat need to improve their fitness
level such as muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance, power, agility, speed
to enhance their performance level. In this study is to observe which
techniques are used more during competition by both fighters. The fewer
mistakes they made, the better result they will get. However, the exponents
should develop more their strength, power, agility to give the fast attack to
the opponent. Based on this observation, the winner used more kick and topples
technique to get the higher score than the other fighter. Both the exponents
used the high intensity action than low intensity action during the competition
because it also helps to contribute to get the highest score rather than low
intensity action. Last but not least, to ensure the good performance played by
the athletes of ‘Pesilat’, they have to fully prepared especially on their physical
& mental in order to give their best commitment and also good results by
winning each games.
8.0 REFERRENCES
Sport
Singapore. (2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class E Semi-finals Mas vs Singapore
(Day 8); 28th SEA Games Singapore
2015. Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L62CI3MJ-8A
Sport
Singapore. (2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class E Final Mas vs Vietnam
(Day 9); 28th SEA Games Singapore
2015. Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGK1CSVk0qs
Sport
Singapore. (2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Women's Class D Semi Finals Malaysia vs
Singapore
(Day 8); 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015.
Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KabRtORJHh0
Sport
Singapore. (2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Women's Class D Final Mas vs Vietnam
(Day 9); 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015.
Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8znlq-xjOzc&t=185s
Latifah, E., Rusdiana, A., Ugelta,
S., Budiman, D., & Karmini, M. (2017). Contribution
of Intelligence and Emotional Qoutients with Performance Athletes Pencak Silat.
Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and
Engineering.
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